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LOCK

' Filed Jan. 5, 1922 e' "(4,1: Illllll g/ .f @1.1 w

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Patented Dec. 1l, 1923. I UNITED STATES PATE-NT OFFICE LOUIS w. GATES, or NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, AssrCNoa vTo C. CownEs' a C015:- PANY, or lNEW HAvEN, CONNECTICUT, A ConronATIoN or CONNECTICUT.

LOCK.

Application med January 3', 1,922. Serial No. 526,526.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known vthat I, LOUIS W. GATES, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Locks, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to locks and is of general application though I have illustrated and described it as applied to a handle for an automobile door. Y V

It is an object of the invention to provide a cheap and effective lock that is simple in construction'and not likely to be easily gotten out of order, and which cannot be easily picked. n With the foregoing and other objects in view I have devised the improved lock illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Y Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a lock operating spindle`r showing my device applied thereto. t

Fig. 2 is an end viewlooking from the ri ht of Fig..1. 'y l ig. 3 is a longitudinal sectionthrough the bolt operating means on a somewhat enlarged scale. fn Fig. 4'is'a similar view to Figff' but with the plane of the section taken at right an les to that of Fig. 3.

- `g. 5 is a transverse section 'substantially on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1. t

Fig. 6 is a transverse section on the same plane as Fig. 5, 'but showing the spindle turned at an angle of 90?' fromgthe position shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a key adaptedypfor this type Vof lock.

Fig. 8 is a perspective, exploded view of the elements ofthe bolt operating mech- Fig. 9 is a transverse section substantially on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1. p

By Way of' illustration I have shown my lock in the drawing, as applied to a lock operating spindle for vehicledoor locks. It, however, is not limited to use in this type of lock, but is` adapted lfor any vlock. employing a lock operatingv spindle, or it may be used to ol erate any movable locking bolt whether used) with'a lock operating spindle or not.

TheA spindle I have indicated as awhole by the reference numeral 10 andV comprises the usual square extensionvll fornperating the latch of the lock, and some form of handle 12 to be gripped by the operator for operating the spindle. In the embodiment illustrated, an escutcheon 18 is secured to the outer surface of the door by any suitable means, such as screws (not shown) passing through the openings 14. This escutcheon is also provided with an outwardly projecting ange provided with a substantially spherical recess adapted to receive the spherical bearing 16, within which the spindle 10 is mounted to turn. This bearing is retained in the recess of the escutcheon by means of a ring 17 secured to the escutcheon by suitable means, 'such as solder 18.` A pin 19 carried by the escutcheon projects into an elongated slot 20 in the bearing 16 and prevents rotation of this bearing in the plane of the escutcheon, or about the axis of the spindle. It, however, allows the spindle, to rock laterally with respect to the escutcheon to allow the escutcheon to rest Hush with the surface of the door with the spindle extending'horizontally. The bearing 16 is provided with transverseI openings 21 located substantially 90 apart, as sho-wn in Fig. 9, and they are adapted to receive the e-nd of a locking bolt 22 carried by the spindle., which is slidable transversely thereof and may be retracted into the spindle to allow turning thereof within the bearing. It will be apparent that, when the bolt is projected into 'one of these openings 21, the spindle cannot be rotated because the pin 19 `prevents rotation of the-bearing;

The spindle is'provided with a shoulder 23 adapted to abut against the outer end of the bearing 16, and is held against; withdrawal' therefrom `by any suitable means, such as a collar 24 on the other side of the bearing secured to the spindle by any suitable means. This speciiic structure of the escutcheon, and means for mounting the spindle therein, isfno-t a part of this present invention but is described and claimed in an application for locking handle filed December 26, 1921.

The keyy controlled mechanism for operating the bolt 22 ismounte'd within-the spindle and comprises a rotatable cylinder 25 provided at its inner end with an eccentrically arranged projecting pin 26 ada ted to enter a transverse chan-nel 27 in the olt 22. It will be clear from this arrangement that rotation of the cylinder will slide the bolty ,backand forth within the transverse opening 284 in the spindle, this bolt being knot/of greater length than the diameter of the spindle soy that it may be wholly retracted-` into the same. The cylinder may be retained in the spindle by any suitable means but I prefer to provide an annular groove 29 in the outer .wall thereof andpass a pIin 30 through the spindle and this groove. 4 he cylinder 25 `is ored at 31 to receive asuitable spring 32 and a sliding camor wedgeelement `33. This element has a cylindrical portion 34 atone end to guilde it within the bore31, and is flattened at 35 for the rest of its length with two recesses `36,011` opposite sides thereof provided with inclined side walls, as shown. This element 4als Yso

is also provided with a projecting pin 37 beyond the end of the flattened portion for alprurpose lpresently to be described. v he cylinder isprovided with two lateral openings 38 to receive two retaining elements 39, preferably in the form ofballs, and the ,wall of bore 40. is provided with lon,- gitudinally extending grooves 41 adapted to receive a portion oijthese` balls under certain conditions, presently to be described, to vpreventrotation of the` cylinder 25 with respect to the spindle. The outer end of the spindle is providedwith transverse slots 42 toreceive the lend of a key 43 whereby the cylinder may be turned to operate the bolt. Beyond the endof the cylinder is a bushing 44 which-isforced into the bore 40 of the spindle,`this bushingbeing open at one vend `andiprovided with an inwardly` extending lange45 at the other end havingoppositelydisposed grooves 46 therein. Aseoond bushing 47 isplaced in the outer` end of the bore 40 of the handle and is provided with `a key-slot 48 of a contour corresponding to that of the cross section of the key. This bushing is slotted,y fromits inner end at 49 to form springsections 50 and is provided with outwardly extending flange portions 51 adapted toenter. ak groove within the -handlelto kprevent withdrawal of the bushing butto allow` turning therein with the key.` l y f kv,The operation is as follows: e

Figs. .1, 5 and 9 illustrate the elements in locked position, the cam yor wedge element 33 beingprojected outwardly under the action ofthe spring 32,with the balls 39 held within the grooves or recesses 41 by the fla-t portion 35 of the cam element. f It will be evident that, in this position,ithe Vballs prevent turnin of the cylinder with respect to the spin le. To unlock thespindle the key43 is inserted throughthe slot 48 and the grooves 46 in the bushing 44, which is so placedthat when the spindle is locked these grooves 46 are in alignment with the slptsu42 in the end of the cylinder 25, so that the end of the key is guided into these slots slots 42, the recesses 36 in the cam element are in alignmenty with the openings 38 in the cylinder, and allows the balls 39 to retract from thegrooves ,41,` asishown inv Figs. 3 and 6, so that the cylinder 25 may bevroltate-d by turning the key, to withdraw the bolt 22 `from` anopening 21 to lunlock the v0i? the key rests against the lbottom of the spindle. The edges of the key are provided `withnotches 53 placedk ata distance lfrein the end thereof corresponding lto thedisf tance from the bottom of the slots 42 to the flange 45 of the bushing44, so` that thekey may turn in this bushing. `Assoon as the key isI removed, the cam`A or wedge element 33 is moved to the position yshown in Fig. 1 under the actionoil spring 32 to retain the retaining elements 39 ,in contact with vthe grooves or recesses 41. ,f I

It will be noted that there are a number `of different Waysfor varyin the `key combination, onel of theinbeing `y varying `the depth of the recess52 [and lengthlv of yprojecting pin `37 with respect tothe bottomfo'f i Y slots 42, another. being .to.varythe location of the bushing` 44in the spindle and, therefore, changing the location of the notches 53 in thel edge of the key. Still another way is to vary the shape of the key-slot 48 and, therefore, the, shank of:` the key. y.

l It willl also be ,apparentthat the lock is not easily picked. If a wire were inserted to pickthelock, itwould be veryfdiicult ico torelease theretai-ning elements39therewith, because'it would be diicultto y.retain this wire on `the, lend of` theaprojectingfpn 37 to push the cam kelement 33 inwardly, and it would he diillcultlto insert largerzelements, because of the shape of" the key-,slot

48.` Thelfconstructionis, however, simple and may beeasily and "cheaply manufactured and is not liable to ,be easily gotten out of order.

Havingthus described theinature 4oi invention, what I claim is:

1. In a lock a movable element', means `for operatingsaid elementcomprising a rotatable cylinder, an operative connection between the c linder and element,"said clinder being ored to receive a spring-an a sliding cam element having .inclined sur# faces, said cylinder being;` prvidedf with holes adjacent said cam element, :al casing surrounding said cylinder rovided with `recessesadjacent said cylin er, and retaining elements in sai'dholes and ,adapted to ooact with. the inclined surfaces' of the'cam .element whereby theyy are `moved to engagementiwith said recesses. e i 1 ,y

2. A lock comprising a moimble element,

a rotatable cylinder having operative connection with said element, a sliding cam element within the cylinder, said .cylinder also having notches in the end thereof, a casing about said cylinder provided with al recess, retaining means carrled by the cylinder and adaptedto coact with therecess to prevent turning vmovement of the cylinder, a key adapted to be inserted in the notches in the end of the cylinder and limited in its inward movement thereby and having a notch in its vend proportioned with respect to the cam element to hold it in position to release the retaining means when the key is inserted in the notches inthe cylinder, and a spring to move the cam element inthe opposite direction when the keyis removed, said cam element being adapted to coact with the retaining means on said latter movement to place it in engagement with said recess and retain it therein.

3. A lock comprising a movable element, a. rotatable cylinder having operativeconnections with said element, said cylinderbeing bored to receivel aspring and a sliding cam element having an inclined surface, said cylinder being provided with a transverse opening therein, a ball in said opening, and a casing about said cylinder provided with a recess adjacent said opening, said ball and inclined surface coacting on movement of the cam element in one direc-tion to move the ball into engagement with the recess in the casing.

4. A lock comprising a movable element, means for operating the element comprising a rotatable cylinder, an operative connection between the cylinder and element, a casing about the cylinder, coacting means carried by the casing andl cylinder to lock the cylinder against rotation, said cylinder being provided with notches in the end thereof, a key having a recess in its end providing spaced projections adapted for insertion in the notches to rotate the cylinder, and means carried by the cylinder having a projecting pin cooperating with the recess in the key when so insertedl to release the locking means.

5. A lock comprising a movable element, means for operating the element comprising a rotatable cylinder, an operative connection between the cylinder and element, a casing about the cylinder, coacting means carried by the casing and cylinder toi lock the cylinder against rotation, said cylinder being provided with notches in the end thereof, a key adapted for insertion in the notches to rotate the cylinder and having notches in the sides thereof, means carried by the cylinder adapted tocooperate with the key to release the locking means, and a bushing in the casing provided with a notched iiange cooperating with the key to prevent rotation thereof except when the key is'in position to release saidlocking means, said bushing beingindependent of the cylinder. f "r 6. In combination a lock operating spindle, a lockingbolt carried thereby, means for operating the vbolt comprising a cylinder bored to receive a springand a movable dle, a locking bolt carried thereby, 4means for operating said bolt'comprising a rotatable cylinder extending within the spindle and longitudinallyl thereof, operativeconnection betweenjthe cylinder and bolt, said cylinder being bored to receive aspring and a sliding cam element having inclined surfaces, said cylinder being provided with holes adjacent ysaid cam element, and the spindle being` provided lwith recessesadjacent said cylinder, and retaining elements in said holes and adapted to coactl with the inclined surfaces of the cam element whereby they are moved to engagement with said recesses.

8. In combination a lock operating spindle a locking bolt carried thereby, a rotatable cylinder within the spindle and having operative connection with said bolt, a sliding cam element within the cylinder, said spindle being provided with a recess, and a retaining element carried by the cylinder adapted to be moved into engagement with said recess by the cam element upon movement of the said cam element in one direction and to be retracted therefrom upon movement of the cam element in the opposite direction.

9. In combination a lock operating spindle, a locking bolt carried thereby, a rotatable cylinder within the spindle and having operative connection with said bolt, a sliding cam element within the cylinder, said cylinder also having notches in the end thereof, the spindle being provided with a recess, retaining means carried by the cylinder and adapted to coact with the recess to prevent turning movement of the cylinder, a key adapted to be inserted in the notches in the end of the cylinder and having a notch in its end proportioned with respect to the cam element to hold it in position to release the retaining means when the key is inserted in the notches in the cylinder, and a spring to move the cam element in the opposite direction when the key is removed, said cam element being adapted to coact with the retaining means on said latter movement to place it in engagement with said recess and retain it therein.

10. In combination a lock operating y means for operating the bolt comprising a Cif rotatable cylinder in thev s indle, an operative connection between t e cylinder and bolt, saidl-cylinderbeingl -bored to receive a `spring and a sliding cam element having an inclined surface, said cylinder .being provided with a transverse opening,and a ball in said opening, the spindle being provided with a recess yadjacent said opening, said ball and inclined surface coactin on movement ofthe cam yelement in one irection to move the ball into engagement with the recess in the spindle. Y

11. In combination a j lock operating spindle, a' locking bolt carried thereby, means for operating the bolt comprising a rotatablel cylinder in the spindle, an operative connection between the cylinder and `bolt,fcoa'cting means carried by the spindle and cylinder to lock the cylinder'against rotation, said cylinder being `provided with` notches in the end thereof, a key having a recess in its end providing spaced projections `ttlaptedfor insertion inthe notches .mmm

to rotate the cylinder,` and means carried by the cylinder having a projecting pin cooperating with the recess inthe'key when so inserted torel-ease the locking'me'ans. t

12. In vcombination a lock 4 operating spindle, a locking bolt carried thereby,

means for operating the bolt vcomprising a rotatable cylinder in thespin'dle, an yoperative connection .between the cylinder and bolt, coacting means `carried by the 'spindle and cylinder tol locky the cylinder against rotation, said cylinder being providedjwith notches in the end thereof, a key adapted for insertion in the notches to rotate the cylinder and having notches in the, sides thereof, means carried by the cylinder 'adapted to cooperate with vthe key to release the locking means, and a bushing in the spindle y provided with a notched flange cooperating .with thekey to prevent rotation thereof except when the key is iin position tonrelease said locking means,r said bushingbeing independent of the cylinder. In testimony whereof I aix my si ature. Ml LOUISW. GA ES. i 

